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Causes of Myopia

Myopia, also known as nearsightedness, is a common vision problem that affects many people worldwide. It occurs when the eye is unable to focus light correctly, causing distant objects to appear blurry. While genetics plays a significant role in the development of myopia, there are several other factors that can contribute to this condition. In this article, we will discuss the causes of myopia.

1. Genetics: One of the most significant factors that contribute to myopia is genetics. If one or both parents have myopia, there is a higher chance that their children will develop the condition as well. Studies have shown that the risk of myopia is higher in children whose parents have the condition.

2. Environmental factors: Environmental factors such as reading, writing, and using electronic devices for extended periods can also contribute to myopia. These activities require the eye to focus on close objects for long periods, which can cause the eye to elongate and become more myopic.

3. Lack of outdoor activities: Studies have shown that spending time outdoors can help prevent myopia. Exposure to natural light and the visual stimulation of distant objects can help slow down the progression of myopia.

4. Eye strain: Straining the eyes by reading in low light, squinting, or focusing on small objects can also contribute to myopia. Eye strain can cause the eye to elongate and become more myopic.

5. Age: Myopia typically develops during childhood and adolescence when the eye is still growing. However, it can also develop in adults due to changes in the shape of the eye or other eye conditions.

6. Ethnicity: Myopia is more common in certain ethnic groups, such as East Asians, than in others.

In conclusion, myopia is a complex condition that can be caused by several factors. While genetics plays a significant role, environmental factors, lack of outdoor activities, eye strain, age, and ethnicity can also contribute to the development of myopia. It is essential to take steps to prevent myopia, such as spending time outdoors, taking frequent breaks from close work, and getting regular eye exams.

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